KIRCHHOFF’S LAWS

Kirchhoff’s Current Law

At any point in an electrical circuit that does not represent a capacitor plate; the sum of currents flowing towards that point is equal to the sum of currents flowing away from that point.

Adopting the convention that every current flowing towards the point is positive and that every current flowing away is negative (or the other way around), this principle can be stated as picture below.

 

  n is the total number of currents flowing towards or away from the point.

Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law

The directed sum of the electrical potential differences around any closed circuit must be zero.
Similarly to KCL, it can be stated as in picture above.

Here, n is the total number of voltages measured.

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